Cement-gun nozzle



Feb. 1, 1927.

T. HAMM CEMENT GUN NOZZLE Original Filed Jan. 15, 1923 /nvenfor Y 771cm:HAM/V y k654i A/Ij Reissued Feb, 1, 1927. I

. TED STATES THOMAS Km, 01 HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA.

CEMENT-GUN NOZZLE.

01481111 l o. 1,507,778,.dated September 9, 1924, Serial No. 612,851,filed lanuary 15, 1923. Application toireissue fled August 26, 1888.Serial No. 131,795.

This invention relates to a nozzle for use in building structures ofcement or plastic material by spra ing the same under pres-- sure upona' ground. The present invention pertains more particularly to thetlpportion of the nozzle at the outlet side or the portion where water issupplied.

In operations of this character a mixture of cementitious material in arelatively dry form is blown into a nozzle. In its passage throu h thenozzle, water is supplied thereto an mixed therewith, to form a wetcement or concrete, which issues therefrom and is directed in a streamand at a high velocity upon the background. Under these condit1ons thecement is im'pacted upon the back ground and pneumatically rammed toform a dense cementitious mass. The nozzles as at present used, aretapered to a smaller d1- 80 meter at the exit or discharge end, -Waterbein admitted transverse to the axis of the no e at the larger end.Careful mixing of the ingredients of=thecement or plastic material isrequired before admission to this type of nozzle. As the wet. mixtureissues from the no zzle it tends to spread. A rimary objectof thisinvention is to provl e a nozzle which will produce a more thoroughmixing of the ingredients of the cement mixtureand a more thoroughhydration of the material, and at the'same time reduce the amount ofspreadin and rebound.

This. object toget er with other objects and correspondingaccomplishments areobtained by means of the embodiment of my inventionillustrated-in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1. is a side elevation of a nozzle; and F i 2 is an axial sectiontherethrough.

. fieferring more particularlyto the'drawing, a water ring isindicatedby-3. -It is provided with threaded. bores separated by anannular water chamber -having, spaced o enings 5 to direct waterinwardly. A

.tliireadednipple 6 serves for a connection. to

a water line indicated generally by 7 The nozzlefti maybe formed by twosections'8,

which w en placed together form a cylindrical member having a baseorenlarged ring 3.

Within the tip is a cylindroidal lining 10 of yielding or soft resilientmaterial, preferably rubber. This lining has a flange 11 at "larshoulders 13 which act as chokes. Cerwith the bore 0 portion 9 threadedfor mounting in the the bottom, which is clamped betweeili the ring andthe base of the tip. The cylindroidal bore of the lining is taperedfromits lower end, decreasing in diameter to its junction with a mixingchamber indicated generally b 12. This chamber is formed by flaring .t ebore outwardly to a larger diameter then taperinv inwardl Nearthe upperor outer end, there are ormed annutain inventive features reside intheconstruction of the nozzle to provide the enlarged mixing chamber andin the provision of the chokes.

The cementitious ingredients, such as sand 2 and cement are blown undrelastic fluid ressu're through a hose 1; into the ring 3.

ater passes through the water line 7 and apertures 5 to the cement andsand. The cement, water and sand are mixed in their passage along thelower tapered portion of the nozzle and spread as the enter the mixmgchamber portion 12. ere a more intimade mixture of the ingredients isobtained,

Such intimate mixing may result partly from the shape of the interiorassage and partly from the use of the yieidable liner which effects therebound of the material thrown thereagainst. The. wet cement mixturethen passes through the portion of the nozzle containing the chokes.These contract the stream and at the same time assist. in mixin andhydrating. The cement mixture finally issues in a compact stream withoutany substantial spreading.

In the preferred form of the nozzle shown on the drawings, the sections8 of the nozzle tip are so formed as to provide a portion 15 having abore decreasing in cross-section away from the water ring 3, a portion16 forming a continuation of portion 15 and having a bore increaslng incross-section away from theportion 15, and a portion 17 having a boredecreasing in cross-section away from the portion 16 and cooperating theportion 16 to provide :00

space for the mixing-chamber 12. The lining 10 also comprises threeportions 18, 19 and 20, the firstof which has a bore decreasing incross-section away from the-water ring 3, the second of which has a boreincreasing insection away from the water ring, and the third of whichdecreases in cross-section away from the water ring. p

The nozzle of the present invention is particularly adapted for use asthe liozzleof a cement *gun from which the, mixture is usually expelledbymeans of compressed air although other suitable elastic fluids orgases may obviously be used.

It should be understood thatthe present embodiment of the invention ismerely illustrative and that various changes may be made without.departing from the true spirit f and scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A cement gun nozzle having a cylindischarge end of said nozzle, andan annular choke shoulder in said passage adjacent said discharge end.

'4. A cement un nozzle havinga passage contracting rom the inlet endtowards the discharge end, a mixing chamber of larger diameterintermediate its ends, and

an annular choke shoulder in said passage adjacent the dischar e end.

5. A cement gun nozzle having a 11ning provided with a passage having amixing chamber of larger diameter intermediate its ends, a portioncontractin from said mixing chamber toward the dlscharge end, and anannular choke shoulder in said passage adjacent the discharge end.

i 6. A cement gun nozzle having a. lining provided with a. passage exanding from the mlet and toward the disc arge end, a

mixing chamber of larger diameter inter-.

mediate its ends, a portion contracting from said mixing chamber towardthe discharge end, and an annular choke shoulder in said passageadjacent said dischar e end.

7. A nozzle adapted to e ect thorough -mixing of cementitious materialshot therefrom, having a passagewith a portion increasing incross-section toward the outlet end of the nozzle and a second portiondecreasing in cross-section toward theoutlet end of the nozzle andcooperating with the first mentioned portion to provide a mixingchamber, and comprising means at the inlet side of said chamber todirect said cementis tious material into said chamber, and means at theinlet side of said chamber for injecting liquid into said cementitiousmaterial, before it passes into the mixing chamber.

8. A nozzle adapted to efiect through mixing of cementitious materialshot'therefrom,

having a passage therethrough comprisinga mixing 9f larger cross-sectionintermediate 1tsi'eniis,"a'portion at the entrance.

saidcliamber-and increasing in cross- B passage muse section toward theoutlet end of the nozzle, and a portion-at the outlet end of saidchamher and decreasing in cross-section toward the outlet endof thenozzle, and'comprising means at the inlet side of said chamber to directsaid cementitiou's material into said chamber, and means at the inletside of said chamber for injecting liquid into said cementitiousmaterial'before it passes into the mlxlng chamber.

9. A nozzle adapted to effect thorough mixing of cementitious materialdriven theneapassage extending therethrough and having a portiondecreasing in cross-section toward the exit end, a mixing chamber con.-nected with the exit end of said portion increasing in cross-section,and a rtion at the exit end of said. chamber and ecreasing i111cross-section toward the outlet of the nozz e.

through, comprising a casing provided with I 10. A nozzle a'daptedto'efl'ect thorough I mixing of cementitious material, comprising acasinghaving a passage therethrough and a linin for said passage of softresilient m'ateria adapted to resist the destructive action ofthe'cementitious material and pro vide a passage successivelycontracting, ex-

pandin and contractin in cross-section.

11. nozzle adap 3% to efiect thorough mixin of cementitious materialdriven theret rou h, having a casing having apassage theretilroughincluding a mixing chamber of larger diameter intermediate its ends, aportion at the entrance of said chamber and increasing in diametertoward the outlet end of the nozzle and a portion at the exit side ofsaid chamber and contracting toward the outlet of said nozzle; andcomprising a lining of soft resilient material for the portion of saidpassage at the exit side of said chamber means at the inlet side of saidmixing chamber to direct cementltious mate-' rial into said chamber, andmeans at the inlet side of said chamber to inject water into the streamof cementitious material directed into said chamber. I

12. A nozzle adapted to effect thorough mixingof cementitious materialshot therefrom, including a substantially rigid casing, and a linin ofsoft'resilient material having ecreasing in diameter from the inlet endto a mixing chamber ortion in .which the diameter increases an thendecreases to-the nozzle outlet end.

i '13. A nozzle adapted to eflect thorough mixin of cementitiousmaterial shot therefrom, avin a lining of softresilient material provied: with a passage expanding from a given point towar the discharge endand then contracti'n toward the discharge end, the portion of t epassage between the expanding and contacting passage serving as a mixmchamber, and comprising means at. the in ct side of. said portion of thechamber to direct said cementitious material into said chamber, andmeans at the inlet side of said chamber for injecting liquid into saidcementitious, material before it passes into the mixingichamber. I

14. A' nozzle adapted to effect thorough mixing of cementitious materialshot therefrom, having a passage with a conical inlet portion decreasingin diameter toward the 15 vide a mixing chamber.

outlet end, a conical intermediate portion in creasing in diametertoward the outlet end, and a conical outlet portion decreasing indiameter toward the outlet end'and cooperating with said intermediateportion to pro- I 15. A nozzle adapted to efiect thorough mlxing ofcementitlous material, having a passage therethrough, successivelycontract;

ing, expanding and contracting in cross-section and adapted to contract,expand and contract a stream of hydrated cementitious material flowingtherethrough, and comprising means at the inlet side of'said chamber todirect said cementitious material into said chamber, and means at theinlet side of said chamber for injecting liquid into said cementitiousmaterial before it passes into the mixing chamber.

In witness whereof, I'aflix my signature. THOMAS HAMM.

